Incinerators



Feb. 16, 1960 R. M. SHERMAN INCINERATORS 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 50,1958 [warez-0:

M3022 M fiwrzaaws Feb. 16, 1960 M SHERMAN 2,925,054

INCINERATQRS Filed June 30, 1958 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 mien 1'17 Swim Feb.16, 1960 R. M. SHERMAN INCINERATORS 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed June 50, 1958ww MW Feb. 16, 1960 R. M. SHERMAN 2,925,054

INCINERATORS Filed June 30, 1958 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 I l/Ill R. M. SHERMANINCINERATORS 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed June 50, 1958 Feb. 16, 1960 R. M.SHERMAN 2,925,054

INCINERATORS Filed June 30, 1958 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 1&3 93

Feb. 16, 1960 R. M. SHERMAN INCINERATORS 7 Sheets-Sheet '7 Filed June30, 1958 Ill //flU I INCINERATORS Rallston M. Sherman, Glastonbury,Conn., assignor to.

The Silent Glow Oil Burner Corporation, Hartford,

Conn,, a corporation of Connecticut Application June 30, 1958, SerialNo. 745,429

10 Claims. (Cl. 110-8) My invention relates to incinerators.

' The invention has among its objects the provision of best. understoodfrom the following description when read in the light of theaccompanying drawings of several embodiments of the invention selectedfor illustrative purposes, while the scope of the invention will be moreparticularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is. a plan of one form of incinerator according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Figs. 3, 4 and. are sections on the lines 3-3, 4-4 and;5.5,respectively, of Fig. 2;

Fig., 6 is, an end elevation. of the incinerator according to Fig.1. asviewed from the right;

Fig, 7-'is .alsection.on the line 7.-7 of Fig. 6;

- 7 Fig. 8;is;a plan of another form of incinerator accordn at he inventon;

Figs. 9 and 10 are sections on the lines 9.-9 and ;l- Q;1Q,respectively, of Fig. 8;

i Fig. ll isa section on the line. 11--11,of Fig. 9;

Fig, -12 is aside elevation of the incinerator according aFis- 8; n

9 and; top wall 11, which, walls except for ,the outer. metallic shell13 are formedof heatrefractory material. the. casing extendingbetweenits side walls l and 5.,andalong the side wall.3 is shown a horizontalpartition 15- positioned in spaced relation to the bottom wall 9,.this,partition being formed of one or more slabs o feheatfrefractorymaterialand, as best shown in Fig. 2,

I extending from. the casing sidewall 3 part way acrossthe'casingichamber towardthecasing side wall 1. Also within the; casingintermediate the sidewalls 1 and 3 .is

a tical 'partitionjfl, of heatrefracto-rymaterial, ex; ndl.

n g between the topwall 11 and, the horizontal par tition- 15 adjacenttheinner edge of the latter. Below the horizontal partition 15jispositionedat the central portionofthe casing a pier 19 resting on thebottom wallflfot the casingfor supportingthe' horizontal par; 15 a n dthe vertical pattitionl? resting on s-aid .r pnt lpa t sa I Withinithecasing is. positioned above, the horizontal .5 emi sr z nta it qn xtndin M 7 i existing .2. side.

a United States Patent 0 'ice walls 3, 5 and 7 so as to divide the spacewithin the casing at the right of the vertical partition 17, as viewedin Fig. 2, into an intermediate burner chamber 23 and an upper chamber25, these two chambers being positioned above the lower chamber 27beneath the horizontal partition 15.

As best shown in Figs. 2 and 5, the horizontal partition 15 projectsslightly beyond the left hand side of the vertical partition 17, asviewed in those figures, to form a ledge 29, while in horizontalalignment with such ledge the casing side wall 1 is formed to provide asecond projecting ledge 31. Supported on the upper sides of these ledgesare the opposite end portions of a row of spaced bars 33, of heatrefractory material, which form a grate dividing the interior space ofthe casing at i the left of the vertical partition 17 and pier 19, asviewed in Fig. 2, into an upper charging chamber 35 for the material tobe incinerated and an ashpit 37 below the grate, this ashp-it as well-as the chamber 27 below the horizontal partition 15 being provided withthe cleanout doors indicated at 39 (Figs. 4 and 7).

It will be observed that by the above construction the verticalpartition 17, pier 19, and the portion of the horizontal partition 15between them, form in effect, because the pier is spaced from the casingside walls 5 and 7, a single vertical partition having openings 41(Figs. 3, 4 and 5) connecting the opposite end portions of the ashpit 37with the opposite end portions of the chamber 27 positioned below thehorizontal partition 15.

As further shown, the top wall 11 of the casing is provided with anopening 43 at the top of the charging chamber 35 normally closed by ahinged door 45, this door when opened permitting the material to beincinerated to be entered into the charging chamber where it rests onthe grate formed by the bars 33.

As shown, thelower horizontal partition 15 is provided adjacent thevertical partition 17 with an opening 47 placing the chamber 27 belowthat partition in communication with the burner chamber 23 immediatelyabove it. The second horizontal partition 21 is shown as, providedadjacent the side wall 7 of the casing with an opening 49 placing oneend portion of the burner chamber in. communication with an end portionof the upper chamber 25, while the casing top wall 11 is provided at itsend portion opposite the opening 49 with a discharge opening 51 forescape of gaseous products from the incinerator to the atmosphere.

Positioned within the burner chamber .23 and resting upon the horizontalpartition 15 is shown a block 53 forming an inwardly projecting portionof the casing side wall 3. As shown, this side wall and the block areformed with a cylindrical opening 55 having atthe inner end'of theblockan-outwardly flaring trusts-conical portion 57. The cylindrical portionof the opening receives the blast tube 59 of a fluid fuel burner. Thisburner "may be an oil burner of the conventional type having a blower 61fordelivering a blast of air to the blast tube, an oil pump 63-f0rsupplying oil under pressure to a spray-nozzle 65 positioned at thedischarge end of the blast tube, and an electric motor 67 fordriving theblower and oil pump, the burner being provided with ignition meansconveniently in the form of spark electrodes (not shown) for ignitingthe oil discharged from the nozzle.

Whentheburner motor 67 is operated to drive the blower and oilpump astrong blast ofjburning mixture of oil and combustion. air will beprojected from the 1 block 53 horizontally across the burner chamber 23over the opening 47in thehorizontal partition 15 and through an opening69 formed in the jvertical partition 17 opposite the discharg e end ofthe blasttubeand into the lower rt qas hesla sa s ss bafi sb eses.

operation the oil burner is so adjusted that it supplies an excess ofcombustion air to the blast over that necessary to burn the oil of theblast so that the blast will not only ignite the charge on the grate butwill supply it with combustion air for causing it to burn.

In operation the ignited gaseous products of theblast and of the burningmaterial on the grate descend through the grate into the ashpit 37 andflow therefrom through the openings 41 into opposite ends of the lowerchamber 27 and from the central portion of that chamber upwardly throughthe opening 47 into the burner chamber 23. From the upper portion of oneend of the burner chamber these products discharge through the opening49 in the horizontal partition 21 into one end of the upper chamber 25and then from the opposite end of said chamber through the opening 51for discharge from the incinerator.

The gaseous products so flowing through the incinerator sweep over thewalls of the upper and lower horizontal partitions 21 and 15 so as tomaintain them at a high temperature, and likewise by their contact withthe vertical partition, the pier 19, and the grate bars 33 maintainthose portions of the incinerator at a high temperature, thesetemperatures while the oil burner is in operation being suflicient tomaintain the parts incandescent.

The gaseous products discharging upwardly through the opening 47 in thelower horizontal partition 15 pass through the flame being projectedacross the burner chamber 23, which flame materially spreads because ofthe outwardly flaring frusto-conical discharge opening 57 of the block53, part of said products being forced with the blast through theopening 69 into the charging chamber so that they are recirculated oneor more times with the flame, the remaining portions of the productspassing upwardly through the opening 49 in the hori zontal partition 21into the upper chamber 25, from which latter they escape through theopening 51 to the atmosphere. The treatment of the gaseous products bythe flame and the hot incandescent walls of the chambers 23, 25 and 27causes all smoke particles and odoriferous constituents of thecombustion products to be entirely consumed so that a smokeless andnon-odorous gaseous product is discharged through the opening 51 fromthe incinerator.

It has been found that the blast from the oil burner projected throughthe opening 69 at the central portion of the charging chamber has atendency to cause the charge to be consumed at a greater rate at thatportion of the chamber than adjacent the ends of the grate, which if thegrate is of sufficient length will sometimes cause a hole to be burnedin the charge at the central portion of the grate, which in effect willshort circuit the flame through the grate away from the charge on itsend portions. To prevent this effect the vertical partition 17, at eachof the end portions of the grate, is preferably formed with a throughopening 71, just above the grate, of moderately restricted size to causepart of the flame projected into the central portion of the chargingchamber to flow toward the ends of the grate and discharge with othergaseous products directly into the end portions of the burner chamber23. Gaseous products entering the burner chamber through the openings 71discharge from that chamber with the other gaseous products through theopening 49, and in passing through that chamber are treated by contactwith the flame projected across said chamber and the incandescent wallsof the chamber for consuming smoke forming particles and odoriferousconstituents of such products.

Preferably the incinerator has provision for admitting auxiliarycombustion air into the charging chamber and into the upper combustionchamber 25. As illustrated, for this purpose the side wall 7 of theincinerator casing adjacent its upper portion is formed with a passage73 connected to a source of air under pressure such as an air blower andhaving an opening 75 for discharging air for admixture with the gaseousproducts flowing through the opening 49 into the chamber 25, the wall 7being provided with a continuation 77 of said passage 73 and withopenings 79 for discharging air into the charging chamber adjacent itsupper portion so that such air will fiow downwardly through the chargingchamber and the charge toward the grate for admixture with thecombustion products.

In the modification of the invention according to Figs. 8 to 13 theincinerator is cylindrical. As shown by these figures, the incineratorcasing comprises a cylindrical side wall 81, a bottom wall 83, and'a'topwall 85, which walls except for the outer metal shell 87 are formed ofheat refractory material. As illustrated, the casing chamber is dividedthroughout its height into semi-cylindrical halves by a verticaldiametrically positioned partition 89. The semi-cylindrical half at theright of the partition, as viewed in Fig. 9, is divided by the spacedhorizontal partitions 91 and 93 into 'an' upper combustion chamber 95,an intermediate burner cham ber 97, and a lower combustion chamber 99.The semicylindrical half at the left of the vertical partitiou'89, asviewed in Fig. 9, is divided by a grate consisting of the horizontal rowof spaced bars 101 into a charging chamber 103 above the grate and anashpit 105 below the grate. The upper end of the charging chamber isnormally closed by a hinged door 107 which may be opened for enteringthe charge into said chamber, in which chamber it is supported by thegrate. .As shown, suitable normally closed cleanout doors 108 areprovided for the ashpit 105 and for the lower combustion chamber 99.

In this later modification the blast tube 109 of the oil 7 of the burnerchamber and through said opening into the charging chamber 103tangentially of the inner arcuate wall of the latter.

The vertical partition 89 at its end opposite the opening 119 therein isshown as formed with an opening 121 placing the ashpit 105 incommunication with the lower combustion chamber 99 so that the productsof combustion of the blast and of the burning charge on the grate willdescend through the grate into the ashpit and from there through theopening 121 into the lower combustion chamber 99.

Directly below the axial line of the blast tube 109 and opening 119 inthe partition 89 the lower horizontal partition 93 is shown as formedwith a circular opening 123, while directly above said opening 123 theupper horizontal partition 91 is formed with a circular opening 125, sothat the products of combustion flowing into the lower combustionchamber 99 from the ashpit will in turn flow from the ashpit upwardlyacross the burner chamber 97 into the upper combustion chamber 95, fromwhich upper chamber they will discharge to the atmosphere through theopening 127 formed in the top wall of the incinerator casing at the endof the upper combustion chamber opposite its end having the opening 125.

The ascending products of combustion flowing through the burner chamber97 from the opening 123 to the opening 125 pass through the flameprojected by the blast tube 109 horizontally across said chamber betweensaid openings. the flame, such treatment aided by contact of saidproducts with the incandescent walls of the lower combustion chamber 99,burner chamber 97, and upper combustion In this way said products aretreated by to; nrcmctmomnls pt oducing particles and. odoriferous'constituents of the f gases. somejof, these. gaseous products. treatedby] the b lastjof flame in] the burnerchamber will be caught by saidblast" and recirculated one or more times through a the chargingchamber, ashpit and lower combustion chamber 99back tov the, burnerchamber, which recirclnlation aids in such treatment. offsueh products.

To prevent the above described effect of the blast tending to, burn ahole in that portion of the charge on the, grate, which is adjacent theopening119, the central vertical partition 8 9 is shown as provided justabove, the g rate at its end opposite the. opening 119 with an opening122.so.that.part of the blast will tend to flow through the charge;horizontally and discharge from the charging chamber 103 throughtheopening 129 directly into the burnenchamber97, thus, insuring thatthe charge will he burned approximately, uniformly throughout thehorizontal, extent of the grate, The gaseous products entering thebnrnerchamber through the opening 129 flow toward the opening .125 fordischarge from said chamber through, theopening 1;25 at its oppositeend. In so flowing ,they pass through the flame projected by the blasttube and therefore are treated by said blast in the same way, as thegaseous, products which enter the burner chamber through the I opening123.,

It will be understood that the blast projected from the, blastjtubeolfthe. oil burner into, the incinerator contains an excess amount ofcombustion air to, cause burning of,the charge, provision preferablybeing made. withincinerators, of the larger sizes for introduction ofanxiliary combustion air into. thejcharging chamber. and upper combusionchamber 95, as hereinbefore described in connection with themodification. of the invention shownby Figs, 1 to 7. The interiorarcuate wall surfaces of the incinerator, and particularly. the featureof having the blast projected against such Wall surface of the chargingchamber? tangentially, causea pronounced whirling of the gaseousproducts, with, the result that the combustion air is elfectively mixedwith such products s iom It will be unders at within the scope of theappended claims wide deviations may be made from the forms of theinvention herein described without departing from the spirit of theinvention.

I claim:

1. An incinerator having walls forming a casing comprising top, bottomand side walls; means operatively forming a vertical partition withinsaid casing forming with the casing walls at one interior side of thecasing a charging chamber for the material to be incinerated and forminga grate at the bottom of said charging chamher for supporting suchmaterial, which grate is in spaced relation to the bottom of said casingso as to provide an ashpit; vertically spaced upper and lower horizontalpartitions within the Space in said casing at the opposite side of saidvertical partition, which horizontal partitions extend from the sidewall sufficiently to divide such space into a lower chamber oppositesaid ashpit, an intermediate burner chamber opposite the lower portionof said charging chamber, and an upper chamber opposite the upperportion of said charging chamber; said vertical partition beingoperatively formed to provide at least one opening placing said ashpitin communication with said lower chamber and an opening formed in saidlower horizontal partition placing said lower chamber in communicationwith said burner chamber, which open ings are so relatively positionedas to cause gaseous products flowing from said ashpit to Said burnerchamber by way of said openings to sweep over the lower side of saidlower horizontal partition; said upper horizontal partition being formedwith an opening placing said burner chamber in communication with saidupper chamber; an opening formed in the casing walls for discharge d orgaseous rproducts. from said upper chamber at a.point remote from saidopening in said upper horizontal partition forfcausing. gaseousproducts entering said upper chamber. 'th ough said opening in saidupper horizontal partitionto sweep over the upper side of said upperhorizontal partition in their travel through said upper chamber to saiddischarge opening; an opening formed in said verticalpartition placingsaid burner chamber in communication with the portion of said chargingchamber adjacentthe grate; and means for projecting a burning blast offiuidfuel and combustion air across said burner chamberdirectly abovesaid opening in said lower horizontal part ition and intojsaid chargingchamber through that opening in s aid vertical partition which placessaid burner chamber in communication with said charging s amb 2, Anincineratorr according to claim 1 in which the charging chamber, ashpit,lower chamber, burner chamber and upper. chamber are all substantiallycoextensive in length with the length of the grate, the opening in thefrom the upper chamber being positioned. so that vertical planes throughthem intersect the grate adjacent and parallel to its opposite endsrespectively.

3. An incinerator according to claim 1. in which the openingin theupperhorizontal partition is horizontally spacedfrom the opening in the lowerhorizontal partition. so as to cause gaseousproducts entering the burnerchamberfthrough said. opening in, said lower horizontal partition tosweep over the lower side of said upper horizontal partition in theirtravel to said opening in i said upperhori zontal partition.

4. Ari iIlCIHEIatOI' according to claim 1 in which the opening in theupper horizontal partition is positioned directly over the opening inthe lower horizontal partition so as to facilitate treatment by theburning blast of the gaseous products traveling from one of saidopenings to the other.

5. An incinerator according to claim 1 in which the charging chamber,ashpit, lower chamber, burner chamber and upper chamber are allsubstantially coextensive in length with the length of the grate, theopening in the vertical partition through which the burning blast offluid fuel and combustion air is projected into the charging chamber andthe openings in the upper and lower horizontal partitions all beingpositioned in a plane transversely therethrough which intersects thegrate transversely and adjacent one end of the grate, the verticalpartition operatively having an opening adjacent the opposite end of thegrate placing the ashpit in communication with the lower chamber, andthe discharge opening from the upper chamber being positioned adjacentthe end thereof opposite the opening tthereinto from the burner chamber.

6. An incinerator according to claim 1 in which the vertical partitionis formed adjacent at least one end of the lower portion of the chargingchamber with an opening placing the charging chamber directly incommunication with the corresponding end portion of the burner chamber.

'7. An incinerator according to claim 1 in which the charging chamber,ashpit, lower chamber, burner chamber and upper chamber are allsubstantially coextensive in length with the length of the grate, theopening in the vertical partition through which the burning blast offluid fuel and combustion air is projected into the charging gratesubstantially midway its length, the vertical partition beingoperatively formed to provide openings placing each of opposite endportions of the ashpit in communication with the corresponding endportions of the lower chamber, the opening in the upper horizontalpartition and the discharge opening from the upper chamber beingpositioned in vertical planes transverse thereof intersecting the gratetransversely adjacent its opposite ends respectively, and the verticalpartition being formed adjacent each of opposite ends of the lower.portion of the charging chamber with an opening placing such portiondirectly in communication with the corresponding end portion of theburner chamber.

8. An incinerator according to claim 1 in which the charging chamber,ashpit, lower chamber, burner chamber and upper chamber are allsubstantially coextensive in length with the length of the grate, theopening in the 'vertical partition through which the burning blast offluid fuel and combustion air is projected into the charging chamber andthe openings in the upper and lower horizontal partitions all beingpositioned in a plane which intersects the grate adjacent one end of thegrate, the vertical partition operatively having an opening adjacent theopposite end of the grate placing the ashpit in communication with thelower chamber, the discharge opening from the upper chamber beingpositioned adjacent the end thereof opposite the opening thereinto fromthe burner chamber, and the vertical partition adjacent that end of thelower portion of the charging chamber which 'is opposite the end of thecharging chamber into which fluid fuel and combustion air is projectedinto the charging chamber and the openings in the upper and lowerhorizontal partitions all being positioned in a plane which intersectsthe grate adjacent one end of the grate, the

vertical partition operatively having an opening adjacent the oppositeend of the grate placing the ashpit in communication with the lowerchamber, thedischarge opening from the upper chamber being positionedadjacent the end thereof opposite the opening thereinto from the burnerchamber, and the interior wall surface of the charging chamber beingconcave in horizontal planes at its portion opposite the opening in thevertical partition through which the burning blast of fluid fuel andcombustion air is projected, which blast is so projected substantiallytangentially of such concave portion.

10. An incinerator according to claim ,1 in which the charging chamber,ashpit, lower chamber, burner chamber and upper chamber are allsubstantially coextensive in length with the length of the grate, theopening in the vertical partition through which the burning blast offluid fuel and combustion air is projected into the charging chamber andthe openings in the upper and lower horizontal partitions all beingpositioned in a plane transverse thereof which transversely intersectsthe grate adjacent one end of the grate, the vertical partitionoperatively having an opening adjacent the opposite end of the grateplacing the ashpit in communication with the lower chamber, thedischarge opening from the upper chamber being positioned adjacent theend thereof opposite the opening thereinto from the burner chamber, theside wall surface of the casinginteriorly thereof being substantiallycontinuously concave, and the opening in the vertical partition throughwhich the burning blast of fluid fuel and combustion air is projectedbeing so positioned as to cause such blast to be directed against saidsurface substantially tangentially thereof. 7

References Cited in the file of this patent Sherman June 7 10, 1958 a

